The former player: 'I wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This piece includes details of discriminatory comments and conduct
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his career to an premature conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the sport, displaying digital communications and recalling training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what happened," he told media outlets.
"I really wanted to carry on competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when word came out that there were investigations underway.
"That was difficult - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "likely correct", but said it could not gather sufficient proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially overlooked for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I've had multiple traumatic experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and some just old-school mentality that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a period of time you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was finally spurred to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the professional level and to the introduction of an action plan for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant focus on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and partners in the elite level to strive for a environment of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
Every Prem and PWR club now has in-person training on creating inclusive environments, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from damaging conduct.
"You should be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"I know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died shortly after the filming of the documentary, and his sister died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization aims to connect with young people in under-served communities and support them succeed both on the field with complimentary sports coaching, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is willing to share their story then I'll continue to fight that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the game as great as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more comfortable others will feel about discussing their personal experiences as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the opportunity and continue bearing this banner and continue carrying this responsibility and accomplish what I can to develop possibilities and make the sport more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I honestly believe that the sport has the potential to change their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022